CO 2.0 Infrastructure

Challenge
Denmark has set ambitious targets for reducing CO₂ emissions, which can only be achieved by implementing Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) at large scale.

It is not realistic to connect small and medium-sized emitters spread across Denmark with pipelines.

Some solutions will transport CO₂ in liquid form under high pressure and cryogenic temperatures using specialized tank trucks and gas tankers. However, such trucks and ships exist only in very limited numbers, are extremely expensive, and it is not realistic to build new ones at the scale needed. There are also several safety concerns associated with transporting CO₂ in liquid or gaseous form.

This combination makes large-scale CCS deployment unrealistic in the short and medium term, making it difficult to achieve green targets.

Solution
CO2.0 Infrastructure is a new cost-effective, safe, and scalable CO₂ transport solution based on CO₂ in solid form as dry ice at atmospheric pressure, designed from the outset to fit into existing container-based transport chains.

The innovation project is based on patented technology from DecarbonICE – a specially built insulated standard container and a re-liquefier that controls the conversion of CO₂ back into liquid or gaseous form according to end‑user specifications.

The pilot project demonstrates the transport of CO₂ in a specially built container, the conversion of dry ice back into liquid or gas, and the final use of CO₂ in the Project Greensand setup, with shipment from the Port of Esbjerg. It also includes a case study and a business case for implementation for future customers in several countries.

Impact
The market for CO₂ storage is expected to reach around 6 billion tons of CO₂ in 2050.

Demand for CO₂ transport will therefore likely be high, requiring a CO₂ infrastructure on a scale that does not exist today.

The CO2.0 Infrastructure logistics system is modular, simple, and scalable, providing a competitive solution particularly for small and medium-sized emitters, while complementing pipeline infrastructure once it becomes available.

The partners in the innovation project expect to have a commercial concept ready for the market in 2028.